MGT301 - Principles of Marketing Solved Quizzes File No 16

41. Maslow has a list of human needs from the most pressing to the least pressing. They include all of the following except _____.
a. physiological needs
b. safety needs
c. need recognition
d. self-actualization
e. social needs
(Answer: c; p. 139; Moderate)

42. _____ is the process by which people select, organize, and interpret information to form a meaningful picture of the world.
a. Personality
b. Perception
c. Selective group
d. Habitual behavior
e. Assessment
(Answer: b; p. 139; Moderate)

43. People can form different perceptions of the same stimulus because of three perceptual processes. All of the following name these processes except _____.
a. selective attention
b. selective distortion
c. selective attitude
d. selective retention
e. none of the above
(Answer: c; p. 139; Challenging)

44. People will forget much that they learn. They tend to retain information that supports their attitudes and beliefs. This is called _____.
a. selective retention
b. selective distortion
c. selective attitude
d. selective attention
e. perceptual vigilance
(Answer: a; p. 140; Challenging)

45. _____ advertising is when consumers are affected by marketing messages without even knowing it.
a. Alternative evaluation
b. Subliminal
c. Complex
d. Motive
e. Comparative
(Answer: b; p. 140; Easy)

46. _____ describes changes in an individual’s behavior arising from experience.
a. Lifestyle
b. Learning
c. Perception
d. Cognitive dissonance
e. Aggressiveness
(Answer: b; p. 140; Easy)

47. Learning occurs through the interplay of all of the following except _____.
a. drives
b. stimuli
c. cues
d. dissonance behavior
e. A and C
(Answer: d; p. 140; Challenging)
48. _____ are subtle stimuli that determine where, when, and how a person responds to purchasing an item.
a. Cues
b. Drives
c. Messages
d. Personalities
e. Impulses
(Answer: a; p. 140; Challenging)

49. The practical significance of _____ for marketers is that they can build up demand for a product by associating it with strong drives, using motivating cues, and providing positive reinforcement.
a. alternative evaluations
b. social classes
c. the learning theory
d. subcultures
e. family and tradition
(Answer: c; p. 140; Challenging)

50. A _____ is a descriptive thought that a person has about something.
a. lifestyle
b. motive
c. belief
d. habitual behavior
e. stereotype
(Answer: c; p. 141; Easy)

51. _____ describes a person’s relatively consistent evaluations, feelings, and tendencies toward an object or idea.
a. Lifestyle
b. Motive
c. Habitual behavior
d. Attitude
e. Perception
(Answer: d; p. 141; Moderate)

52. A person’s attitudes fit into a pattern, and to change one attitude may require difficult adjustments in many others. Thus, a company should _____ try to fit its products into existing attitudes rather than attempt to change attitudes.
a. usually
b. not
c. once in a while
d. seldom
e. never
(Answer: a; p. 141; Easy)

53. All of the following are part of habitual buying behavior except which one?
a. Consumers search extensively for information about brands.
b. Consumer behavior does not pass through the usual belief–attitude–behavior sequence.
c. Ad repetition creates brand familiarity rather than brand conviction.
d. The buying process involves brand beliefs formed by passive learning.
e None of the above.
(Answer: a; p. 142; Challenging)

54. In one way or another, most large companies sell to _____.
a. consumers
b. other organizations
c. employees
d. not-for-profit companies
e. the service sector
(Answer: b; p. 148; Moderate)

55. What can we say about the size of the business market compared to consumer markets?
a. It is approximately the same.
b. It is smaller.
c. It is huge.
d. There is no need to compare them.
e. A and D
(Answer: c; p. 149; Easy)

56. The buyer decision process consists of five stages. Which of the following is not one of these stages?
a. Need recognition.
b. Information search.
c. Variety-seeking buying behavior.
d. Purchase decision.
e. None of the above.
(Answer: c; p. 142; Challenging)

57. The buying process starts with _____—the buyer recognizes a problem or need.
a. need recognition
b. information search
c. evaluation of alternatives
d. purchase decision
e. separation of needs and wants
(Answer: a; p. 142; Easy)

58. The consumer can obtain information from any of several sources. Which is not one of these sources?
a. Personal.
b. Commercial.
c. Attitude.
d. Public.
e. B and D
(Answer: c; p. 142; Moderate)

59. The most effective source that consumers obtain information from is _____ because it legitimizes or evaluates products for the buyer.
a. commercial
b. public
c. experimental
d. personal
e. social
(Answer: d; p. 142; Challenging)

60. The marketer needs to know about _____—that is, how the consumer processes information to arrive at brand choices.
a. alternative evaluation
b. opinion leaders
c. lifestyle
d. habitual buying behavior
e. postpurchase dissonance
(Answer: a; p. 143; Moderate)

61. Generally, the consumer’s purchase decision will be to buy the most preferred brand, but two factors can come between the purchase intention and the purchase decision. What is one of these factors?
a. Postpurchase behavior.
b. Attitude of others.
c. Cognitive dissonance.
d. Habitual buying behavior.
e. Impulse buying.
(Answer: b; p. 143; Challenging)

62. The marketer’s job does not end when the product is bought. After purchasing the product, the consumer will be satisfied or dissatisfied and will engage in _____.
a. habitual buying behavior
b. alterative evaluation
c. postpurchase behavior
d. variety-seeking buying behavior
e. product assessment
(Answer: c; p. 144; Easy)

63. What determines whether the buyer is satisfied or dissatisfied with a purchase? The answer lies in the relationship between the consumer’s expectations and the product’s _____.
a. perceived performance
b. brand personality
c. recognition
d. consumer market
e. service quality
(Answer: a; p. 144; Easy)

64. Almost all major purchases result in _____, or discomfort caused by postpurchase conflict.
a. opinion leaders
b. cognitive dissonance
c. purchase decisions
d. complex buying behavior
e. dissatisfaction
(Answer: b; p. 144; Moderate)

65. _____ is a key to building lasting relationships with consumers.
a. Personality
b. Alternative evaluations
c. Need recognition
d. Customer satisfaction
e. Quality
(Answer: d; p. 145; Moderate)

66. Companies should set up systems that _____ customers to complain.
a. discourage
b. encourage
c. do not allow
d. any of the above
e. none of the above
(Answer: b; p. 145; Easy)

67. A new product is a good, service, or idea that is perceived by some potential customers as new. Our interest is in how consumers learn about products for the first time and make the decision to buy them. This is called the _____.
a. new product recognition
b. adoption process
c. variety-seeking buying behavior
d. information search
e. quality assessment
(Answer: b; p. 146; Moderate)

68. Which is not one of the stages that customers go through in the process of adopting a new product?
a. Awareness.
b. Interest.
c. Evaluation.
d. Culture.
e. Desire.
(Answer: d; p. 146; Easy)

69. Relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, divisibility, and communicability are characteristics of _____.
a. alternative evaluation
b. dissonance-reducing buying behavior
c. influence of product on rate of adoption
d. habitual buying behavior
e. service quality
(Answer: c; p. 147; Challenging)

70. Family is one of the _____ factors that influence consumer behavior.
a. cultural
b. social
c. personal
d. psychological
e. business
(Answer: b; p. 132; Moderate)

71. Which of the following is not true regarding African American consumers?
a. They have annual buying power of $630 billion.
b. Black consumers seem to enjoy shopping more than other groups.
c. Many companies work to meet the needs of African American consumers.
d. African Americans are the most affluent U.S. segment.
e. Black consumers spend twice as much as white consumers for online services.
(Answer: d; p. 131; Challenging)

72. Which statement is true regarding social class?
a. Social class is determined primarily by income level.
b. Lines between social classes in the United States are fixed and rigid.
c. Social classes show distinct product preferences in clothing and automobiles.
d. Wealth is more critical than education level in measuring social class.
e. People are relegated to a permanent class layer in the United States.
(Answer: c; p. 132; Challenging) 

73. Opinion leaders are sometimes referred to as _____.
a. the influentials
b. the upper class
c. the middle class
d. buzz marketers
e. none of the above
(Answer: a; p. 133; Moderate)

74. Lifestyles can be measured through our _____.
a. patterns of living
b. activities, interests, and opinions
c. AIOs
d. attitudes, interests, and opinions
e. A, B, and C
(Answer: e; p. 136; Moderate)

75. Which of the following is not a primary motivation?
a. Achievement.
b. Self-esteem.
c. Ideals.
d. Self-expression.
e. Attitudes
(Answer: b; p. 136; Moderate)